What are worms in dogs?

All dogs, regardless of breed, age, size, or lifestyle can get worms. However, younger dogs and puppies are more at risk. Most dogs will be exposed to worms at some stage in their lives, and many dogs and puppies can have an intestinal parasite at any given moment.

Common Types of worms in dogs:

• Hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum)
• Roundworm (Toxocara canis)
• Whipworm (Trichuris vulpis)
• Oesophageal worm (Spirocerca lupi)
• Heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis)

Why are worms dangerous?

Worms can cause a variety of conditions in dogs, with some being more severe and life-threatening than others:

• Anorexia – most severe worm burdens will cause this
• Anaemia – hematophagous or blood-sucking worms will result in blood loss (e.g., Hookworm)
• Bloody stool – commonly seen with intestinal parasite infestations
  Swollen tummy – a common symptom in dogs and puppies with hookworm infestation
• Vomiting and diarrhea – especially dangerous in puppies
• Coughing – a symptom of possible infestation of the esophageal worm (Spirocerca lupi)

Untreated symptoms can result in death.

How to prevent worms in dogs

Worms in dogs can be prevented. To eliminate or reduce the threat of illness and suffering in your dog:

• Be vigilant with sanitation and hygiene practices in the home i.e., pick up feces in the garden and dispose of it immediately
• Provide regular and effective worm control as advised by your veterinarian (protocols can vary according to the age and lifestyle of your dog)
• Don’t miss routine check-ups at the vet if you are concerned about anything

How worms in dogs are diagnosed

If worm infestation is suspected, a consultation with your local veterinarian will allow him/her to perform one or a combination of the following:

• Thorough clinical examination of your dog
• Collect and examine a stool sample under a microscope
• Send a sample of your dog’s stool to the laboratory for in-depth analysis
• Collect blood from your dog and run a series of blood tests, either in-house or via a laboratory

How to treat worms in dogs

Dogs and puppies with worms need to be treated, even if they are not displaying any symptoms. There are different types of dewormers designed to treat specific worm infestations. There are some available options, which can effectively eliminate several internal parasite burdens in your dog.

Based on the type of worms your dog is suffering from, your vet will recommend the correct medication and provide instructions for safe and effective treatment. A follow-up consultation should be scheduled with him/her after treatment to ensure that the infestation has been eradicated.